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目的分析2004-2012年宝鸡市疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况及预防接种安全性。方法收集2004-2012年个案数据进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2004-2012年宝鸡市报告AEFI253例,一般反应159例(62.85%),异常反应89例(35.18%),偶合症4例(1.58%),心因性反应1例(0.39%)。男女性别比1.38︰1;≤2岁儿童占75.10%;以7、8、9月份为多;报告县区以扶风、陈仓和凤翔较多。80%以上的AEFI发生在接种疫苗24 h内。总报告数居前三位的疫苗为无细胞百白破疫苗、白破疫苗、流脑疫苗。一般反应为发热、红肿硬结,异常反应临床损害主要为过敏性皮疹、无菌性脓肿、过敏性紫癜和血管性水肿。结论监测数据显示,2004-2012年宝鸡市AEFI监测工作成绩显著,敏感性有很大提高,但各县区差异较大;预防接种服务安全性高,AEFI主要发生在小年龄组儿童,接种后1 d内为监测重点。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of suspected AEFI in Baoji from 2004 to 2012 and evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system and the safety of vaccination. Methods Collecting case data from 2004 to 2012 for descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 253 AEFI cases were reported in Baoji City from 2004 to 2012, with 159 cases (62.85%) responding in general, 89 cases (35.18%) having abnormal reaction, 4 cases (1.58%) having coupling syndrome and 1 case (0.39%) having cardiac response. Male to female ratio of 1.38︰1; ≤2 years old children accounted for 75.10%; in July, August and September more; report counties to Fufeng, Chencang and Fengxiang more. More than 80% of AEFI occurs within 24 hours of vaccination. The top three vaccines in the total number of reports are cell-free diphtheria-bait vaccines, white-blasted vaccines and meningitis vaccines. The general reaction is fever, inflamed induration, abnormal reaction clinical damage mainly allergic rash, aseptic abscess, Henoch-Schonlein purpura and angioedema. Conclusion The monitoring data showed that the AEFI monitoring results in Baoji City from 2004 to 2012 were significant and the sensitivity was greatly improved. However, there were significant differences among counties and districts. The safety of vaccination services was high. AEFI mainly occurred in children of small age group. After inoculation 1 d for the monitoring focus.