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目的掌握广东省土源性线虫病流行动态及影响因素,为今后制定有效防治对策提供依据。方法按《全国土源性线虫病监测方案》要求,于2006-2010年在高州市长坡镇旧城村连续5年开展监测,采用改良加藤厚涂片法进行病原学检查,每年不少于1 000人,计算蛔虫、鞭虫、钩虫感染率,12周岁以下儿童加做透明胶纸肛拭法查蛲虫卵。结果 2006-2010年累计调查5 125人,平均感染率为19.14%,蛔虫、鞭虫、钩虫和儿童蛲虫感染率分别为0.78%、0.60%、11.90%和51.91%,儿童蛲虫感染率明显高于其他虫种,差异有统计学意义(χ2=3 035.10,P<0.01);各年度土源性线虫感染率分别为11.29%、20.07%、22.55%、15.63%、26.03%,有逐年升高趋势(χ2=94.29,P<0.01)。检测不同环境土壤200份,人蛔虫卵阳性39份,阳性率为19.50%。结论广东省高州市土源性线虫病人群平均感染率有上升趋势,以高年龄组感染钩虫和低年龄组感染蛲虫为主,蛔虫和鞭虫感染率处于较低水平。不同环境土壤受到不同程度人粪污染。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and influencing factors of soil-borne nematodes in Guangdong Province and provide basis for effective prevention and control measures in future. Methods According to the requirements of National Soil Encephalitis Surveillance Program, in 2006-2010, monitoring was carried out for 5 consecutive years in Old Town Village, Changpo Town, Gaozhou City. The pathological examination was performed by the modified Kato thick smear method, 1 000 people, calculate roundworm, whipworm, hookworm infection rate, children under 12 years of age to do transparent adhesive tape anal swab method eggs. Results A total of 5 125 people were surveyed between 2006 and 2010, with an average infection rate of 19.14%. The infection rates of roundworm, whipworm, hookworm and children were 0.78%, 0.60%, 11.90% and 51.91% respectively. The prevalence of pinworm in children was significantly higher (Χ2 = 3 035.10, P <0.01). The infection rates of soil-borne nematodes in each year were 11.29%, 20.07%, 22.55%, 15.63% and 26.03% High trend (χ2 = 94.29, P <0.01). 200 different soil samples were tested, and 39 ascaris eggs were positive. The positive rate was 19.50%. Conclusion The average infection rate of soil-borne nematodes in Gaozhou City of Guangdong Province is on the rise. Infected by hookworm in the high-age group and in the lower age group are mainly infected with pinworm, while the infection rates of roundworm and whipworm are at a low level. Different levels of soil contaminated by human excrement.