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目的探讨地塞米松对羊水过少胎盘和胎膜组织中水通道蛋白8(AQP8)表达的影响及其可能机制。方法选取2014年1月-12月间在该院产科住院的足月羊水过少孕妇20例为研究组,选取同期足月正常妊娠孕妇20例为对照组。采用RTPCR技术、免疫组化法检测2组孕妇羊膜上皮细胞、绒毛膜滋养细胞、胎盘合体滋养细胞中AQP8 mRNA及蛋白的表达情况;在研究组胎盘和胎膜组织细胞中分别加入不同剂量的地塞米松,孵育24 h后再次检测胎膜和胎盘组织中AQP8 mRNA的表达水平。结果研究组羊膜上皮细胞、胎盘合体滋养细胞的AQP8 mRNA表达强度均明显低于对照组(t值分别为6.931、8.550,均P<0.05);研究组绒毛膜滋养细胞AQP8 mRNA表达强度与对照组之间差异无统计学意义(t=0.439,P>0.05)。2组AQP8蛋白在3种细胞中均有表达,均位于细胞膜和细胞质中,表现为棕黄色颗粒。研究组羊膜上皮细胞和胎盘合体滋养细胞的AQP8蛋白表达水平明显低于对照组(t值分别为9.660、7.135,均P<0.05);2组AQP8蛋白在绒毛膜滋养细胞中的表达差异无统计学意义(t=0.193,P>0.05)。2组羊膜上皮细胞、胎盘合体滋养细胞的AQP8 mRNA的表达水平随着地塞米松浓度的增加而逐渐提升;当浓度为50μg/ml时,2组羊膜上皮细胞、胎盘合体滋养细胞的表达水平明显高于浓度为0μg/ml时,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为18.924、25.037,均P<0.01)。结论羊膜上皮细胞、绒毛膜滋养细胞和羊水量存在一定相关性;地塞米松可促进AQP8mRNA的表达,其可能机制为通过上调羊膜上皮细胞、绒毛膜滋养细胞中AQP8的表达而影响羊水量的稳态。
Objective To investigate the effect of dexamethasone on aquaporin 8 (AQP8) expression in placenta and fetal membranes with oligohydramnios and its possible mechanism. Methods Twenty pregnant women with term oligohydramnios who were hospitalized in the obstetrics department from January 2014 to December 2014 were selected as the study group. Twenty pregnant women with full-term normal pregnancy were selected as the control group. RTPCR was used to detect the expression of AQP8 mRNA and protein in amniotic epithelial cells, chorionic trophoblasts and placental syncytiotrophoblasts in two groups by immunohistochemistry. In the study group, placenta and fetal membranes were treated with different doses of The expression of AQP8 mRNA in fetal membranes and placental tissues was detected again after 24 h incubation. Results The expression of AQP8 mRNA in amniotic epithelial cells and placental syncytiotrophoblasts in study group was significantly lower than that in control group (t = 6.931 and 8.550, respectively, P <0.05). The expression of AQP8 mRNA in chorionic trophoblast cells in study group was significantly lower than that in control group The difference was not statistically significant (t = 0.439, P> 0.05). Two groups of AQP8 protein were expressed in all three kinds of cells, both located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm, showing as brown granules. The level of AQP8 protein expression in amniotic epithelial cells and placental syncytiotrophoblasts in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t = 9.660 and 7.135, respectively, P <0.05). There was no statistical difference in the expression of AQP8 protein in chorionic trophoblast Significance (t = 0.193, P> 0.05). The expression of AQP8 mRNA in placental syncytiotrophoblasts increased gradually with the increase of dexamethasone concentration in 2 groups of amniotic epithelial cells and placental syncytiotrophoblasts. When the concentration was 50μg / ml, the expression of AQP8 mRNA in placental syncytiotrophoblasts was significantly higher At the concentration of 0μg / ml, the difference was statistically significant (t = 18.924,25.037, all P <0.01). Conclusions Amniotic membrane epithelial cells, chorionic trophoblast cells and amniotic fluid volume are related to each other. Dexamethasone can promote the expression of AQP8 mRNA, and its possible mechanism is to affect the amniotic fluid volume by up-regulating the expression of AQP8 in amniotic epithelial cells and chorionic trophoblasts state.