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比喻就是打比方。描写事物或说明道理时,用同它有相似点的别的事物或道理来打比方,叫比喻。本体、喻体、比喻词是构成一个比喻的三个要素。本体和喻体必须是两个本质不同而有相似点的事物,相似点是作者引起联想并构成比喻的基础,是喻体和本体之间的内在的、本质的联系。根据表达的需要,人们运用比喻的时候,或是直接点明本体与喻体之间的相似点,或是隐含不露,或是巧妙地将相似点对照、比较、铺设,使比喻形式灵活多样,从而增添语言的艺术魅力,不仅使人理解,而且给人以美的感受。
Analogy is to play analogy. To describe something or to explain truth, use something else or something similar to it to call an analogy. Ontology, metaphor, metaphor is a metaphor of the three elements. The ontology and the metaphor must be two things that are different in nature and have similar points. The similarities are the basis for the author to associate and form the metaphor, and the intrinsic and essential connection between the metaphor and the ontology. According to the needs of expression, when people use metaphor, they either directly point out the similarities between the ontology and the metaphor, or implicitly reveal or subtly compare the similarities with each other, compare and lay the metaphor in a flexible manner Diverse, thus increasing the artistic charm of the language, not only to understand, but also to give people the feeling of beauty.