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引起西蒙得木枯萎病的4种镰刀菌在10～35℃温度范围内均能生长和产生分生孢子,菌丝生长以25～30℃最适,产分生孢子以30～35℃最好。分生孢子萌发所需最适温度因茵种不同而异。茵丝生长和分生孢子萌发能适应的 pH 值较广,但以 pH6～8为佳。分生孢子萌发需高湿条件,以水滴中萌发率最高。菌丝生长所需碳源以淀粉最好,纤维素最差,氮源以蛋白质、天门冬酰胺较好,尿素较差。大田环境下,病株地上部分症状以旱季(云南11月至翌年5月)表现较明显,出现病情高峰;进入雨季(6月至10月)症状相对稳定或消退。病害的发生发展与土壤条件、地形地势以及栽培措施有一定的关系,尤与土壤条件关系最为密切。控制该病应采用以栽培管理措施为主,辅以其它防治方法的综合治理。
The four Fusarium species causing Simmondsia burgdorferi could grow and produce conidia in the temperature range of 10-35 ℃. The mycelial growth was optimum at 25-30 ℃ and the conidiospore was best at 30-35 ℃ . The optimum temperature for conidial germination varies from species to species. Inhalation and conidia germination can adapt to a wider pH, but pH 6 ~ 8 is better. Conidia germination need high humidity conditions, the highest rate of germination in water droplets. The best carbon source for mycelial growth is starch, cellulose is the worst, nitrogen is protein, asparagine is better, and urea is worse. In the field environment, the symptoms of the aboveground parts of the diseased plants were more obvious in the dry season (November to May of next year), with the peak of the disease. The symptoms in the rainy season (June to October) were relatively stable or subsided. The occurrence and development of diseases and soil conditions, topography and cultivation methods have a certain relationship, especially with the soil conditions most closely. Control of the disease should be used to cultivation and management measures, supplemented by other prevention and treatment of integrated management.