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法律援助最早是由西方国家提出并采用的一项法律制度。我国1996年5月颁布的《律师法》明确提出了在我国建立法律援助制度的要求。本文拟对刑事诉讼中法律援助制度的模式与类型进行介绍和分析,并对我国法律援助制度略作展望。 一、国际法律援助的三种模式 在刑事诉讼中,被告人有获得律师帮助的权利。被告人可以按照自己的意愿,选择特定的人为他辩护,这称为委托辩护。如果被告人因为经济困难或者其他原因无力聘请辩护人的,一般由法院指定辩护人,这称为指定辩护。法院为被告人指定辩护人是国家进行法律援助的一种方式。
Legal aid was first introduced and adopted by Western countries as a legal system. The “Lawyer’s Law” promulgated in May 1996 in our country clearly set forth the requirements for establishing a legal aid system in our country. This article intends to introduce and analyze the modes and types of legal aid system in criminal procedure, and gives a brief outlook on the legal aid system in our country. First, the three models of international legal aid In criminal proceedings, the accused has the right to help lawyers. The defendant may, at his own discretion, choose a particular person to defend him, which is called commissioned defense. If the defendant is unable to hire a defender because of financial difficulties or other reasons, the court generally appoints a defender, which is called designated defensive. The court’s appointment of a defender as a defendant is one way for the state to provide legal aid.