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近来,Schmid等提出了与骨髓核分裂中期分析一样简便、迅速和灵敏的一种体内方法,所谓微核检查法。微核形成原理为:在细胞有丝分裂后期,无着丝点的染色单体和染色体断片运动很缓慢,而着丝点成分移向纺锤体两极,在分裂末期之后,未受损伤的染色体和着丝点断片形成子核,而运动很慢的滞留成分也可能包含在于细胞中,但相当大部分变成1个或几个次生核,通常它比主核小得多,所以叫微核。
Recently, Schmid et al. Proposed an in vivo method that is as simple, rapid and sensitive as the metaphase analysis of bone marrow so-called micronucleus test. The principle of micronucleus formation is that in the late stage of cell mitosis, the motility of the chromatid and chromosomal fragments without centromere movement is very slow, and the centromere component moves toward the poles of the spindle. At the end of division, intact chromosomes and filaments Point fragments form subnuclei, and slow moving stranded components may also be contained in cells, but a substantial part of one or several secondary nuclei, usually much smaller than the primary core, so called micronuclei.