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目的了解上海市宝山区学生因病缺课的原因,为采取干预措施提供依据。方法对2013—2014学年宝山区所有学校的115 553名学生因病缺课信息进行分析。结果学生因病缺课43 065人次,缺课发生频次为37.27%;因病缺课71 353.5人天,缺课率为3.43‰。男生的缺课率为3.66‰,女生为3.16‰,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=∞,P<0.05)。小学学生的因病缺课率为4.53‰,中学学生为2.81‰,中职技校学生为1.19‰,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=∞,P<0.05)。冬春为高发季节。因病缺课的主要疾病为急性上呼吸道感染、伤害和水痘。结论预防和控制上呼吸道感染可降低缺课率,健康教育可减少伤害的发生。
Objective To understand the reasons for the absence of students in Baoshan District of Shanghai City to provide the basis for the intervention. Methods 115 553 students from all schools in Baoshan District during the 2013-2014 school year were analyzed for their absence due to illness. Results The number of missing students was 43 065, and the number of missing classes was 37.27%. The number of missing students was 71 353.5 days and the absence rate was 3.43 ‰. The absentee rate of boys was 3.66 ‰ and that of girls was 3.16 ‰, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = ∞, P <0.05). The rate of absenteeism among primary school students was 4.53 ‰, that of middle school students was 2.81 ‰, and that of secondary technical school students was 1.19 ‰, with significant difference (χ ~ 2 = ∞, P <0.05). Winter and spring for the high season. The main diseases that are absent from school are acute upper respiratory infections, injuries and chickenpox. Conclusion Prevention and control of upper respiratory tract infection can reduce the absentee rate, and health education can reduce the incidence of injuries.