马克思在1881年《给维伊·查苏利奇的复信草稿(初稿)》中引用的一个故事。公元前321年第二次萨姆尼特战争期间,萨姆尼特人在古罗马卡夫丁城附近的卡夫丁峡谷击败了罗马军队,并且强迫他们通过“牛轭”地带。达被认为是对战败军的最大羞辱。“通过卡夫丁峡谷”一词即由此而来,意即遭受最大的悔辱。马克思认为,资本主义的生产关系曾使生产力得到神奇的发展,但现在它已不能容纳生产力的发展,因而“它的历史今后只是对抗、危机、冲突和灾难的历史”(《马克思恩格斯全集》第19卷,第44页)。马克思认为,随着世界历史的形成,俄国可以吸收资本主义生产方式的积极成果,“不通过资本主义制度的卡夫丁峡谷,而把资本主义制度的一切肯定的成就用到公社中来”(同上,第436、437,451页)。因此,“跨越卡夫丁峡谷”是指超越资本主义的发展阶段而由共产主义所有制取而代 A story quoted by Marx in his 1881 “Draft for Reconciliation to Viezhassulich (First Draft).” During the second Samynit battle in 321 BC, the Saints defeated the Roman army in the Capetin Gorge near the ancient Roman city of Caffè and forced them to pass the “ox yoke”. Tat was considered the biggest humiliation of the defeated army. As a result, the phrase “through the Canyon of the Karfdin” means that it is subjected to the greatest remorse. According to Marx, capitalist relations of production have magically developed the productive forces, but now it can no longer accommodate the development of productive forces. Therefore, “its history will be only a history of confrontation, crisis, conflict and disaster in the future” (The Complete Works of Marx and Engels, Volume 19, page 44). According to Marx, with the formation of a world history, Russia could absorb the positive results of the capitalist mode of production by “using all the positive achievements of the capitalist system in the communes” without passing through the Karfting Gorge of the capitalist system Ibid., Pp. 436, 437, 451). Thus, “leaping over the Karfdin Gorge” refers to the transition from capitalist development to communism ownership