美国独立后 ,英国从美国革命中吸取教训 ,及时调整殖民政策 ,放弃了旧的重商主义殖民政策 ,加强了对殖民地政治上的控制 ,从而使印度、加拿大这两个殖民地得以巩固、扩大。英属北美殖民地和英属印度殖民地一起 ,构成了第二英帝国的核心。英国对这两个殖民地的政策实际上代表了这一时期英国的帝国政策。英国对印度统治政策的调整 ,为英国统治落后地区殖民地提供了蓝本和依据。而英国对加拿大的新政策则确立了英国对英裔和非英裔白人殖民地的统治机制。这一时期英国帝国政策的调整 ,否定了旧的重商主义殖民政策 ,开始了新的自由主义殖民政策 ,奠定了英帝国发展的基础 After the independence of the United States, Britain learned lessons from the American revolution, promptly adjusted its colonial policy, abandoned its old mercantilist colonial policy and strengthened its colonial political control so that India and Canada could consolidate and expand the two colonies. The British North American colony and the British Indian colony together form the core of the Second British Empire. Britain’s policies toward these two colonies actually represented Britain’s imperial policy during this period. The readjustment of the British rule over India provided a blueprint and basis for the colonies in the British underdeveloped areas. The new British policy on Canada established the British rule of British and non-Hispanic white colonies. The adjustment of British imperial policy during this period denied the old mercantilist colonial policy and started a new liberal colonial policy that laid the foundation for the development of the British Empire