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试验采用二因素３水平的３×３正交设计，就不同氮磷肥料处理对玉米生长发育、生育后期籽粒性状变化的影响进行研究。结果表明，不施肥或偏施一种肥料的处理，玉米植株的生理发育从苗期开始明显减缓。氮磷肥配施处理的籽粒鲜重、体积增长速度快，有效灌浆时间长，不同施肥处理籽粒含水量也有明显差异。氮磷肥配施有利于玉米的生长发育，在亩施氮素１０公斤、Ｐ＿２Ｏ＿５７．５～１５公斤的条件下，可使玉米籽粒鲜、干重、体积最大，获得较高的籽实产量。
In the experiment, a 3 × 3 orthogonal design with two factors and three levels was used to study the effects of different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the growth and development of maize and the changes of grain traits during later growth stage. The results showed that the physiological development of maize plants significantly slowed down from the seedling stage without fertilization or partial application of a fertilizer. Nitrogen and phosphate fertilization treatment of fresh weight, rapid volume growth, effective filling time is long, different fertilizer treatments have significant differences in water content of grain. Nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers are conducive to the growth and development of maize. Under the condition of 10 kg of N application and 25.5 kg of P 2 O 5, the fresh, dry weight and the volume of maize kernel can be maximized and the yield of seed can be higher.