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政府提供的公共服务是一种典型的非市场交易产品,无法通过市场交易价格来衡量其价值。由于缺乏价格信号的引导,由政府提供公共服务必然是效率低下的。因此设计一种方案测评其非市场交易价值,并进一步以此引导公共服务的供给与分配以提高其效率,是非常必要的。调查支付意愿从而了解消费者对公共服务的评价,是确定其非市场交易价值的一种办法,而条件估值法(CVM)在环境领域的成功应用值得借鉴。行政审批是目前我国数量最多,影响最广的一种公共服务,以此为例研究非市场交易价值具有代表性。本研究以成本效益分析为基本原理,建立以系统动力学、条件估值法(CVM)、灰色系统关联分析、多阶分层抽样技术为基础的行政审批事项系统动态评估方案和开放性的指标体系,并通过试评估实践表明本方案具有很好的适用性和合理性。研究成果可广泛应用于公共服务非市场交易价值评估,并进一步用于公共服务的拟市场化资源配置。
The public service provided by the government is a typical non-market trading product, whose value can not be measured by market transaction price. Due to the lack of price guidance, public service provided by the government must be inefficient. Therefore, it is necessary to design a program to measure the value of non-market transactions and further guide the supply and distribution of public services to improve its efficiency. Investigating the willingness to pay to understand consumers’ evaluation of public services is one way to determine the value of non-market transactions. The successful application of CVM in the environmental field is worth learning from. Administrative examination and approval is currently the largest and most influential public service in China, taking as an example the representativeness of the value of non-market transactions. Based on cost-benefit analysis, this study establishes a systematic dynamic assessment plan and openness index of administrative examination and approval matters based on system dynamics, CVM, gray system correlation analysis and multi-level stratified sampling System, and through the trial evaluation shows that the program has good applicability and rationality. The research results can be widely used in the evaluation of the value of non-market transactions of public services, and further for the market-oriented allocation of resources for public services.