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目的观察健脾降脂中药对高脂血症大鼠高密度脂蛋白(HDL)亚类分布的影响。方法 60只大鼠随机分为空白对照组、高脂血症组(模型组)、健脾降脂治疗组。采用高脂饲料喂饲法造模,治疗组予健脾降脂中药日一次灌胃,空白对照组、高脂血症组给予等体积的生理盐水灌胃。全自动生化分析仪检测血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),HE染色观察肝脏形态变化,油红O染色观察肝脏脂质沉积,透射电镜观察肝脏组织超微结构变化,Lipoprint脂蛋白分类系统检测HDL亚类。结果与空白对照组相比,模型组血清TC、LDLC水平显著升高(P<0.01),HDL-C水平显著降低(P<0.05),肝细胞中见大量脂质沉积,核周间隙增大,胞质内线粒体嵴减少,粗面内质网明显扩张。与模型组相比,健脾降脂治疗组TC、LDL-C显著下降,HDL-C显著升高,肝细胞中脂质沉积明显减少。Lipoprint脂蛋白分类系统检测结果显示:与空白对照组相比,模型组血清大颗粒HDL含量降低,中颗粒HDL含量增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);与模型组相比,治疗组血清大颗粒HDL含量增加,中颗粒HDL含量降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论健脾降脂中药可能通过调节血清HDL亚类的异常分布,进而达到调节血脂的目的。
Objective To observe the effect of Jianpi Jiangzhi TCM on the distribution of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in hyperlipidemic rats. Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into blank control group, hyperlipidemia group (model group) and Jianpi lipid-lowering treatment group. Using high-fat diet feeding method, the treatment group was given spleen and lipid-lowering Chinese medicine once daily gavage, blank control group, hyperlipidemia group given equal volume of saline gavage. The levels of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C and HDL-C were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. The morphological changes of liver were observed by HE staining. O staining to observe the lipid deposition in liver, observe the ultrastructure of liver tissue by transmission electron microscopy, and detect the HDL subclass by Lipoprint lipoprotein classification system. Results Compared with the blank control group, the levels of serum TC and LDLC in model group were significantly increased (P <0.01), HDL-C level was significantly decreased (P <0.05), and a large amount of lipid deposition was found in hepatocytes and the perinuclear space was increased , Mitochondrial crista cytoplasm reduced, rough endoplasmic reticulum was significantly expanded. Compared with the model group, TC and LDL-C of spleen-lowering and lipid-lowering treatment group were significantly decreased, HDL-C was significantly increased, and lipid deposition in hepatocytes was significantly reduced. Lipoprint lipoprotein classification system test results showed that compared with the blank control group, the model group serum HDL content decreased, HDL content increased, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); compared with the model group, the treatment group HDL content of serum large particles increased, the content of HDL decreased, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Jianpi Jiang lipid-lowering Chinese medicine may regulate the abnormal distribution of serum HDL subclasses, and thus achieve the purpose of regulating blood lipids.