目的探讨葡萄胎行清宫术及预防性化疗的临床效果。方法选取成都市新都区人民医院2005~2011年收治的具有高危恶变因素的葡萄胎患者113例作为研究对象,分为观察组41例,对照组72例。两组行超声引导下清宫术,观察组术后给予预防性化疗,对照组术后未作化疗,比较两组临床疗效。结果观察组恶变率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组化疗后期不良反应在停药及对症治疗后,均逐渐得到改善和缓解。结论对于具有高危恶变因素的葡萄胎患者,彻底的清除葡萄胎病变组织,同时给予预防性化疗,可以有效预防发生恶变。 Objective To investigate the clinical effect of curettage and prophylactic chemotherapy for hydatidiform mole. Methods 113 cases of hydatidiform mole with high risk of malignant transformation admitted from 2005 to 2011 in Xindu District People ’s Hospital of Chengdu were selected as study object, divided into observation group (41 cases) and control group (72 cases). The two groups underwent ultrasound-guided radical mastectomy. The observation group received prophylactic chemotherapy after operation, while the control group received no chemotherapy after operation. The clinical curative effect was compared between the two groups. Results The malignant rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). The adverse reactions in the observation group after chemotherapy and symptomatic treatment were gradually improved and relieved. Conclusion For patients with hydatidiform mole with high risk of malignant transformation, complete removal of hydatidiform mole lesions, while giving preventive chemotherapy, can effectively prevent malignant transformation.