肿瘤急诊(oncologic emergency,OE)是癌细胞在体内逐渐或迅速扩散所致的,含有机械、代谢、炎症等诸种症状的一组综合征。常见的有①上腔静脉综合征,②脊椎压迫性骨折,颅内高压,③以高钙血症为代表的代谢异常,④急性肾功能不全,⑤急性感染,⑥心填塞,⑦抗癌剂所致的副作用,⑧血栓,⑨由于肿瘤所致的梗阻,⑩出血(含 D1C)。对肿瘤急诊的正确诊断与处理能减轻肿瘤患者的痛苦,有时甚至收到延长患者生命、提高生存质量、治愈或长期控制的效果。作者对3例因肿瘤压迫气管、阻塞支气管而出现呼吸困难、胸痛、咳嗽等临床表现的肿 Oncologic emergency (OE) is a group of syndromes in which the cancer cells gradually or rapidly diffuse in the body and contains various symptoms such as mechanical, metabolic, and inflammatory. Common symptoms include superior vena cava syndrome, 2 vertebral compression fractures, intracranial hypertension, 3 metabolic abnormalities represented by hypercalcemia, 4 acute renal insufficiency, 5 acute infection, 6 heart tamponade, 7 anticancer agents The resulting side effects, 8 thrombosis, 9 obstruction due to tumor, 10 hemorrhage (including D1C). The correct diagnosis and treatment of emergency tumors can reduce the suffering of cancer patients, and sometimes even have the effect of prolonging the life of patients, improving the quality of life, healing or long-term control. The authors had clinical manifestations of dyspnea, chest pain, cough, and other clinical manifestations in 3 patients who had tracheal obstruction and bronchial obstruction due to tumor compression.