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自1956年发现6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶缺陷伴有遗传性非球形红细胞溶血性贫血以来,以后陆续发现了红细胞内其他特殊酶缺陷的病例。目前已知有20多种红细胞酶缺陷,其中至少有18种伴有急性或慢性的溶血现象。一般分为两大类:一类为红细胞内糖的无氧酵解过程的酶缺陷;另一类为磷酸戊糖旁路和谷胱甘肽代谢的酶缺陷。现综述如下。
Since 1956 found that 6-phosphoglucose dehydrogenase deficiency accompanied by hereditary non-spherical hemolytic anemia since, and later found another case of red blood cells within the special enzyme defects. Currently, there are more than 20 kinds of erythrocyte enzyme defects, of which at least 18 are accompanied by acute or chronic hemolysis. Generally divided into two categories: one is the enzyme defect of anaerobic glycolysis of erythrocytes; and the other is an enzyme defect of pentose phosphate bypass and glutathione metabolism. Are summarized below.