政治经济学告诉我们,任何商品都具有使用价值与价值的两重性,作为商品生产的企业,它制造商品的使用价值主要是为了满足人们的消费需要,并通过在市场上让渡商品的使用价值而获得价值,以进行再生产,作为消费者,其购买商品的目的是为了取得商品的使用价值,以满足物质文化等方面的享受。“效用损失”,就是指生产者根据社 Political economics tells us that any commodity has the duality of use value and value. As a commodity production enterprise, its use value of manufacturing goods is mainly to meet people’s consumption needs, and to transfer the value of use of the goods through the market. To obtain value for reproduction, as a consumer, the purpose of the purchase of goods is to obtain the value of use of the goods in order to satisfy the enjoyment of the material and cultural aspects. “Availability loss” refers to the producer