目的了解仪征市学龄前儿童健康状况及变化趋势,为制定儿童保健措施提供依据。方法采取分层整群随机抽样的方法对仪征市15所幼儿园内2006年出生儿童3~6岁时的体检资料进行回顾性统计分析。结果随着年龄的增长,儿童体重、身高达标率,超重、肥胖检出率,龋患率均逐渐升高,且年龄组间比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);营养不良患病率波动在1.23%~1.62%之间;贫血患病率逐渐下降,年龄组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有年龄组男童体重达标率、身高达标率、龋患率均低于女童,营养不良患病率均高于女童,且部分年龄组男女童比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);所有年龄组超重检出率、肥胖检出率、贫血患病率男女童比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论仪征市学龄前儿童营养状况良好,今后保健重点为防治肥胖与龋齿。 Objective To understand the health status and trends of preschool children in Yizheng and to provide basis for formulating child health care measures. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to retrospectively analyze the physical examination data of children aged 3-6 years old in 15 kindergartens in Yizheng City. Results With the increase of age, children’s weight, height compliance rate, overweight, obesity detection rate and caries prevalence rate increased gradually, and the difference between the age groups was statistically significant (all P <0.05). The prevalence of malnutrition The fluctuation ranged from 1.23% to 1.62%. The prevalence of anemia decreased gradually. There was a significant difference between the age groups (P <0.05). The prevalence of obesity in children of all age groups was lower than that of girls in girls, and the prevalence of malnutrition was higher in girls than in girls. There was a significant difference between boys and girls in some age groups (P <0.05) There was no significant difference in the detection rate of overweight, the detection rate of obesity and the prevalence of anemia among boys and girls (all P> 0.05). Conclusion The nutrition status of preschool children in Yizheng is good. In the future, the key point of health care is prevention and treatment of obesity and dental caries.