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早产是指妊娠满28周至不满37足周间发生分娩,是新生儿死亡和出现各种近远期并发症的主要原因。既往研究已经证实,在孕中期经阴道超声证实宫颈缩短的孕妇,早产的发生率增高。在这类孕妇中预防性使用孕激素可以预防早产的发生,但其在双胎妊娠中使用无效。目前已有研究提示,孕激素可能是通过抑制宫颈炎症反应,从而进一步抑制宫颈成熟来达到预防早产的作用。但明确的作用机制目前仍不清楚,有待进一步研究。
Premature delivery refers to the occurrence of childbirth between the 28th week and the 37th full week of pregnancy, which is the main cause of neonatal death and various short-term and long-term complications. Previous studies have confirmed that in the second trimester transvaginal ultrasound confirmed cervical shortening of pregnant women, the incidence of preterm birth increased. Prophylactic use of progestins in these types of pregnancies prevents the onset of prematurity but is ineffective in twin pregnancies. At present, studies have shown that progesterone may be to prevent premature labor by inhibiting cervical inflammation, thereby further inhibiting cervical maturation. However, a clear mechanism of action is still not clear, pending further study.