现代企业制度之所以比传统企业制度具有更高的效率，一方面是因为它更能适应社会化大生产和现代市场竞争，另一方面是因为它形成了有效的经营者行为激励和约束机制。在日本、美国等发达的市场经济国家中，对经营者行为的激励和约束主要是由公平的外部环境和充分竞争的市场机制 The reason why the modern enterprise system is more efficient than the traditional enterprise system is that it is more adaptable to the mass production of socialization and competition in the modern market because of the formation of an effective incentive and restraint mechanism for its managers. In Japan, the United States and other developed market economy countries, the incentives and restrictions on the behavior of managers are mainly driven by a fair external environment and a fully competitive market mechanism