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地下水资源是京津冀平原的主要供水水源,自上世纪60年代以来,平原区地下水资源和地质环境显著地受到了人类活动和气候变化的影响,而地下水位动态是对人类和自然等影响的直接响应。针对于多因素作用下的平原区地下水位动态,文中基于水文地质条件分析和观测孔水位数据分析,综合利用数值模拟方法重现了平原区长时间尺度的不同空间尺度(全区、典型地段)下地下水位演变过程,揭示了平原区地下水水位动态机制。结果表明:近50年,全区平均地下水位持续下降,下降速率为0.36m/a;大面积浅层降落漏斗形成,石家庄漏斗中心水位下降速率最快,为1.1m/a;2001~2010年地下水平均补给速率(154.97mm/a)比1961~1970年减少6.2%,地下水更新能力明显减弱。地下水开采强度常年多于补给资源,导致了不同空间尺度上地下水位的下降,开采是影响地下水动态的主导因素,降水是限制地下水补给更新的主要因素。在气候变化和人类活动的双重影响下,平原区未来供水安全仍会面临挑战。
Groundwater resources are the main source of water supply for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plain. Since the 1960s, the groundwater resources and the geological environment in the plain areas have been significantly affected by human activities and climate change. The dynamic of the groundwater table is an impact on human beings and nature Direct response. Aiming at the dynamic of groundwater level in plain area under multi-factors, based on the analysis of hydrogeological conditions and the analysis of observation hole water level data, different spatial scales (long-term scale) The evolution of groundwater table reveals the dynamic mechanism of groundwater level in plain area. The results show that in the recent 50 years, the average groundwater level in the whole region has been declining continuously, with a rate of 0.36 m / a. The large-scale shallowfall funnel formed with the fastest rate of 1.1m / a in Shijiazhuang funnel center. From 2001 to 2010 The recharge rate of groundwater (154.97mm / a) decreased by 6.2% from 1961 to 1970, and the groundwater renewal capacity was obviously weakened. The strength of groundwater exploitation is more than supply resources all the year round, leading to the decline of groundwater level in different spatial scales. Mining is the dominant factor affecting the groundwater dynamics. Precipitation is the main factor that limits the recharge of groundwater. Under the dual influence of climate change and human activities, the water supply in the plains will still face challenges in the future.