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2—1 碱土金属及其化合物的性质 碱性的碱土金属属于同一族—两价的正离子。碱土金属的中性原子和两价带电离子的稳定性由它们外层电子的结构决定。当碱土金属中性原子的外部S—壳层被两个电子填满时,它们的电离电位被列入表2—1中。分离三个电子需要十分大的功。这种情况决定化合物中碱土金属正离子带电的上限值。
2-1 Properties of alkaline earth metals and their compounds Basic alkaline earth metals belong to the same family of divalent positive ions. The stability of neutral earth atoms and divalent charged ions of alkaline earth metals is determined by the structure of their outer electrons. When the outer S-shell of alkaline earth metal neutral atoms is filled with two electrons, their ionization potentials are listed in Table 2-1. Separation of three electrons requires a great deal of work. This situation determines the upper limit of the charge of alkaline earth metal ions in the compound.