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目的：揭示在髓腔壁的微细形态学规律，为根管治疗术以及理解牙本质过敏现象提供应用形态学基础。方法：首先采用扫描电镜对２５颗４的髓腔壁进行系统观测，并分区定点摄影，然后对扫描电镜照片进行形态测量。结果：①牙本质小管口分为４型，即圆形、卵圆形、长条形和不规则形。②从髓室自根尖方向，牙本质小管口的直径、密度和相对面积均逐渐减小。③不规则性继发性牙本质最多见于根尖１／３，其次是根中１／３。结论：①牙本质小管口的形态与牙本质小管的走向及其在钙球上的开口的形态与牙本质小管的走向及其在钙球上的开口部位有相关关系。②牙本质小管口的相对面积较单纯的牙本质小管口的直径和密度更能全面地反映不同部位髓腔壁的特征。③不规则性继发性牙本质的出现属于生理现象而并非病理变化。
Objective: To reveal the fine morphology of the medullary cavity wall and to provide the morphological basis for root canal therapy and understanding of dentinal hypersensitivity. Methods: Firstly, 25 4 medullary cavity walls were systematically observed by scanning electron microscopy and photographed by subarea. Then morphological measurements were taken on the SEM images. Results: ① dentinal orifice is divided into 4 types, namely, round, oval, elongated and irregular shape. ② from the apical direction of the pulp chamber, dentin small orifice diameter, density and relative area are gradually reduced. ③ irregular secondary dentin most found in root apical 1/3, followed by the root in 1/3. Conclusion: (1) The morphology of dentinal tubules and dentinal tubules and the shape of their openings in the cartilage are related to the direction of dentinal tubules and the opening of the dentin tubules. ② The relative area of small dentinal orifice compared with pure dentinal small orifice diameter and density can more fully reflect the characteristics of different parts of the medullary cavity wall. ③ irregular appearance of secondary dentin is a physiological phenomenon and not pathological changes.