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目的调查影响绝经后骨质疏松症(Postmenopausal Osteoporosis,PMOP)患者生活质量(Quality of life,QOL)及主要因素,以便预防和减少本病的发生,以提高整个PMOP人群的QOL。方法对111例绝经后骨质疏松症患者(45-90岁)QOL及影响因素的测量采用QUALEFFO-41量表结合肖建德编著的《实用骨质疏松学》中的骨质疏松症病史采集表进行测评。结果本次研究中PMOP患者QOL水平较低,QOL总评分为(288.420±14.668)。评分越低,代表QOL越好。单因素方差分析显示年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、体质指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)、有无喝咖啡、有无喝牛奶、绝经年限、既往病史、运动史(近5年)、运动频率以及有无骨折史是影响PMOP患者QOL的因素(P<0.05)。通过多元线性回归分析,按照影响QOL评分因素的作用强度由高到低依次是运动史(近5年)、BMI、职业、婚姻状况、既往病史、有无喝牛奶、运动频率、绝经年限。结论调查显示PMOP患者的QOL总体水平较低。因此应改善骨痛等症状,均衡饮食,改变不良生活习惯,适量运动,获得家庭、社会支持,加强心理疏导,积极参加社会活动,以提高患者的QOL。
Objective To investigate the quality of life (QOL) and the main factors influencing postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) in order to prevent and reduce the occurrence of this disease and to improve the QOL of the whole PMOP population. Methods The measurement of QOL and its influencing factors in 111 cases of postmenopausal osteoporosis (45-90 years old) was carried out by using the QUALEFFO-41 scale in combination with the collection history of osteoporosis in “Practical Osteoporosis” compiled by Xiao Jiande Evaluation. Results In this study, patients with PMOP QOL lower level, QOL total score (288.420 ± 14.668). The lower the score, the better QOL. One-way ANOVA revealed that age, education level, occupation, marital status, body mass index (BMI), presence or absence of coffee, milk with or without milk, years of menopause, past medical history, exercise history The frequency and history of fractures were the factors influencing QOL in patients with PMOP (P <0.05). By multivariate linear regression analysis, according to the factors influencing the QOL score, the intensity of the factors from high to low were exercise history (nearly 5 years), BMI, occupation, marital status, past medical history, drinking milk, exercise frequency and menopause. Conclusions The survey showed that the overall level of QOL in PMOP patients was low. Therefore, we should improve the symptoms such as bone pain, balance diet, change unhealthy habits, exercise moderately, obtain family and social support, strengthen psychological counseling, and actively participate in social activities to improve patients’ QOL.