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崖柏(Thuja sutchuenensis)为柏科(Cupressaceae)崖柏属常绿乔木,属我国特有、世界极危物种(CR),具有重要的学术研究价值和广阔的开发利用前景。1892年4月在重庆市城口县首次发现,此后“绝迹”了100多年。世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)曾将其定为野外已灭绝物种。1999年10月重新发现。在崖柏“绝迹”期间,由于研究材料缺乏,对崖柏的研究几近空白;重新发现之后,有关研究才相继展开。近十几年来,广大科研工作者围绕崖柏的生物学特性、地理分布、群落组成与结构、种群结构与动态、遗传多样性、生态适应性、苗木繁育等开展了广泛研究,并取得了丰硕成果。文中综述了崖柏的研究现状,并探讨了未来的研究方向,以期为崖柏的深入研究和拯救繁育提供参考。
Thuja sutchuenensis is an evergreen tree of Cupressaceae, which is endemic to China. It is an endemic and world critically endangered species (CR) and has important academic research value and broad prospect of exploitation and utilization. In April 1892, it was first discovered in Chengkou County of Chongqing that “extinction” has been carried out for more than 100 years since then. The World Conservation Union (IUCN) has designated it as an extinct species in the wild. Rediscovered in October 1999. During the “Extinction” of Thuja, due to the lack of research materials, the researches on Thuja were nearly empty; after the rediscovery, the relevant studies were carried out in succession. In recent ten years, many researchers carried out extensive research on the biological characteristics, geographical distribution, composition and structure of communities, population structure and dynamics, genetic diversity, ecological adaptability, seedling breeding and so on, and achieved fruitful results. Results. This paper summarizes the research status of Thuja, and discusses the future research direction, in order to provide a reference for further research and save breeding.