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目的了解飞行人员鼻部解剖变异及慢性鼻窦炎(chronic rhinosinusitis,CRS)患病情况,为鼻科招飞、疾病诊治和医学鉴定提供依据。方法分析研究82例飞行人员的鼻部宝石CT扫描资料,对解剖变异和CRS情况进行评估。结果 82例飞行人员鼻部变异总出现率达100%,常见变异类型包括鼻中隔偏曲(70.7%)、钩突变异(偏曲、缺如或肥大)(67.1%)、额气房(63.4%)、中鼻甲变异(肥大、气化或反常曲线)(54.9%)和下鼻甲变异(肥大或骨质增生)(42.7%)等。CRS的检出率为42.7%。窦口鼻道复合体(ostiomeatal complex,OMC)的解剖变异的CRS发病率比无变异组高(P<0.05)。结论飞行人员中鼻部解剖变异常见,尤以OMC处最为重要,与CRS的高发病率密切相关。鼻部CT检查有助于更及时准确地发现解剖变异和诊断鼻窦炎,应重视其在招飞、诊治和医学鉴定中的作用。
Objective To understand the anatomical variations of the nose and the prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in pilots and provide the basis for the surgical treatment of nasal diseases, diagnosis and treatment of diseases and medical identification. Methods The nasal jew CT scan data of 82 pilots were analyzed to evaluate the anatomical variation and CRS. Results 82 cases of pilots had a total nose variability of 100%. Common types of variability included nasal septal deviation (70.7%), variation of uncinate process (deviation, absent or hypertrophy) (67.1%), frontal air room (63.4% ), Middle turbinate variant (hypertrophy, gasification or abnormal curve) (54.9%) and inferior turbinate variant (hypertrophy or osteoarthritis) (42.7%) and so on. The detection rate of CRS was 42.7%. The incidence of CRS in anatomical variation of ostiomeatal complex (OMC) was higher than that in non-variant group (P <0.05). Conclusion The anatomical variations of mid-nasal parts of pilots are common, especially at the OMC. They are closely related to the high incidence of CRS. Nasal CT examination will help more timely and accurate detection of anatomical variations and diagnosis of sinusitis, should pay attention to its role in the strokes, diagnosis and treatment and medical identification.