沿祁连山麓,有着广阔的高寒山地,由于气候寒冷,生长期短,地广人稀,耕作粗放,肥料缺乏,历来又无施用化学肥料的习惯,因而产量很低。这里的土壤类型主要有黑土、黑麻土、黄土等,这些土壤一般土性凉,含氮量较高,有机质比较多,微生物作用弱,有效磷的含量偏低(表1),因而群众常用烧土的办法来调节土壤中的氮和磷钾比例,稳定收成。本试验的目的在于通过施用过磷酸钙,摸清磷素化肥对各类作物的效果,井从高寒山地的土壤、气候特点出发,揭发其增产的实质,为高寒山地施用磷素化肥提供理论依据。 Along the foothills of the Qilian Mountains, it has vast alpine mountains. Due to the cold climate, short growth period, sparsely populated areas, extensive cultivation and lack of fertilizers, it has never had the habit of applying chemical fertilizers and thus has low yields. The main types of soil here are black soil, black soil, loess and so on. These soil generally have cool soil with high nitrogen content, relatively high organic matter, weak microorganisms and low available phosphorus (Table 1) Soil measures to adjust the soil nitrogen and phosphorus-potassium ratio, stable harvest. The purpose of this experiment is to find out the effect of phosphorus fertilizers on various crops by applying superphosphate, and to start from the characteristics of soils and climates in the alpine mountains to reveal the essence of the yield increase and provide the theoretical basis for the application of phosphorus fertilizers in the alpine regions .