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目的了解满洲里铁路口岸地区鼠类及其携带病原体的情况,为口岸加强除鼠工作提供数据。方法 2014—2015年,在满洲里铁路口岸工作区、非工作区采用夹日法和夹夜法捕鼠,对捕获的鼠类及其携带蚤类进行分类鉴定,并检测鼠疫菌和汉坦病毒的核酸、抗体,培养鼠疫菌。结果 2014—2015年,在满洲里铁路口岸区域捕获鼠类182只,经鉴定分为2目5科7属8种,达乌尔黄鼠55只,占捕获鼠类的30.22%,为优势鼠种;黑线仓鼠33只,占捕获鼠类的18.13%;长爪沙鼠24只,占捕获鼠类的13.19%。工作区捕获的以褐家鼠为主,占工作区全部捕鼠的37.00%;非工作区捕获的以达乌尔黄鼠为优势种,占非工作区捕鼠的44.00%,长爪沙鼠占18.40%。从5只鼠类检测到汉坦病毒核酸,从7只鼠类检测到汉坦病毒抗体。结论满洲里铁路口岸不同生境的优势鼠种不同,部分鼠种存在汉坦病毒感染。
Objective To understand the situation of rodents and their carriers in the railway port area of Manchuria and provide data for the port to strengthen the work of removing rats. Methods From 2014 to 2015, the captured rats and their fleas were identified and identified in the work area and non-work area of Manchuria railway port by using the method of pinch-in method and the method of catching the night, and the detection of Yersinia pestis and Hantaan virus Nucleic acid, antibody, train Yersinia pestis. Results A total of 182 rodents were captured in the railway port area of Manchuria during 2014-2015. Eight Rodents were identified in 2 orders, 5 families and 7 genera, and 55 Rattus ulmus, accounting for 30.22% of the captured rodents, were the dominant species 33 black hamsters accounted for 18.13% of the captured mice, 24 long-squirrel gerbils accounted for 13.19% of the captured mice. Rattus norvegicus was the main working area, accounting for 37.00% of the total area of the working area, and the dominant species was Daurian ground cinerea, accounting for 44.00% of the non-working area, Accounting for 18.40%. Hantavirus nucleic acid was detected from five mice and Hantavirus was detected from seven mice. Conclusion The advantages of different habitats in Manzhouli railway port are different from each other. Some of the rats have Hantavirus infection.