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人类乳房是卵巢所分泌的重要类固醇特别是雌二醇和孕酮的靶器管。在月经周期中,乳腺表现的生理变化可能与卵巢分泌这两种类固醇有关。动物试验研究,雌二醇(E_2)刺激乳腺上皮细胞和乳腺导管增生,而孕酮(P)诱导乳腺腺泡发育,并阻碍雌激素对间质的作用。给已阉割的母鼠用E_2试验,能诱发乳腺导管增殖,随之扩张形成囊肿,同时也刺激了乳腺结缔组织。长期使用雌激素与乳房纤维囊性病的发病有关。孕酮对乳房结缔组织的作用与雌激素相反。作者研究了184例患良性乳房疾病(BBD)的患者,根据临床症状及X线摄影等的不同情况分为5组观察,并与50例正常妇女对比。根据基础体温和血浆孕酮的测定,确知这些妇女都有排卵周期。
The human breast is an important steroid secreted by the ovaries, especially the target tube of estradiol and progesterone. During the menstrual cycle, physiological changes in breast performance may be related to ovarian secretion of these two steroids. Animal studies have shown that estradiol (E_2) stimulates mammary epithelial cells and ductal hyperplasia, while progesterone (P) induces mammary acinar development and blocks the effect of estrogen on interstitial cells. To emasculated females E_2 test can induce breast duct proliferation, followed by expansion to form a cyst, but also stimulate the breast connective tissue. Long-term use of estrogen and breast fibro-cystic disease incidence. Progesterone has the opposite effect on breast connective tissue as estrogen. The authors studied 184 patients with benign breast disease (BBD), divided into five groups according to clinical symptoms and X-ray photography, and compared with 50 normal women. Based on the basal body temperature and plasma progesterone determination, it is known that these women have an ovulation cycle.