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小麦根系联合固氮作用的研究是七十年代提出的新课题。苏联学者曾指出,高产小麦品种比低产小麦品种内寄生物的数量大得多。以后 Dobereiner 等学者从小麦根系和茎里分离出多粘芽孢杆菌,巴西固氮螺菌、含脂刚螺菌、肺炎克氏杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌等多种联合固氮细菌。另据 Pedrsen 等测定,小麦根系固氮酶活性在o—3.1nmC_2H_4/克干根/小时,固氮螺菌在纯培养条件下固氮量可达5.70—22.50mg/50ml。以上报道多是地处热带、亚热带匡家的学者的研究结果。我们的研究目的是揭示暖温带半干旱气候区的耕作褐土、浅色草甸土区小麦根系联合固氮作用,发掘联合固氮微生物资源,为提高小麦单位面积产量开辟新的途径。
The research on the combined effect of wheat root nitrogen fixation is a new topic put forward in the seventies. Soviet academics have pointed out that high-yielding wheat varieties are much larger than those of low-yielding wheat varieties. After Dobereiner and other scholars from wheat root and stem separation of Bacillus polymyxa, Azospirillum Brazil, containing lipid Stigma, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae and other joint nitrogen-fixing bacteria. According to Pedrsen et al., The nitrogenase activity of wheat root system was o-3.1nmC_2H_4 / g dry root / hour, nitrogen fixation of Azospirillum sp. Reached 5.70-22.50mg / 50ml under pure culture conditions. The above reports are mostly based on the findings of scholars in tropical and subtropical countries. The purpose of our study is to reveal the combined effect of nitrogen fixation in wheat cultivars in light temperate semi-arid climatic zones and wheat roots on light-colored meadow soils, and explore new ways to improve the yield per unit area of wheat by combining the nitrogen fixation with microbial resources.