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一、前言钙由于其成本低廉易得,在钢中有独特的作用,因而受到人们的重视。国外不少从事钢铁材料的研究工作者对钙在钢中的作用进行了大量的研究。苏联有关钢铁方面的专利几乎毫不例外地在钢中添加钙。其它国家如日本也有不少发明者研制出各种含钙的钢种。研究表明,钢中加钙和钢中加稀土的作用相类似,即能细化晶粒,脱氧去硫,改变非金属夹杂物的成分,数量及形态;改善钢的耐蚀性、耐磨性、耐高温、耐低温性能;提高钢的塑性、冲击韧性、疲劳强度和焊接性能;增强钢的抗热裂、抗氢致裂纹和抗层状
First, the preface Due to its low cost and easy availability, calcium has a unique role in steel and is therefore valued by people. Many foreign researchers engaged in steel materials on the role of calcium in steel conducted a lot of research. Patents on steel in the Soviet Union almost invariably add calcium to the steel. Other countries such as Japan, there are many inventors have developed a variety of calcium-containing steel. The results show that the addition of calcium to steel is similar to the addition of rare earth in steel, that is to say, the grain can be refined, deoxidized and desulfurized, and the composition, quantity and morphology of non-metallic inclusions can be changed; the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of steel can be improved , High temperature, low temperature performance; improve the plasticity of steel, impact toughness, fatigue strength and weldability; enhanced thermal cracking of steel, anti-hydrogen-induced cracking and anti-layered