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目的探讨“健康促进学校”干预策略实施后中小学生慢性病相关危险因素的改变,为青少年慢性病防治工作提供科学依据。方法某市小学、初中、高中各选取1所学校作为健康促进学校,实施为期3年的“健康促进学校”干预项目,同时再选取小学、初中、高中各1所学校作为对照,通过健康体检收集数据,比较二组学校学生的相关健康指标,评价干预策略对于中小学生慢性病相关危险因素的效果。结果实施健康促进学校干预措施后,四项与慢性病相关的指标均出现明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从性别角度分析,干预组女生的四项指标均低于对照组女生,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组男生血压异常、肥胖两个指标与对照组差异没有统计学意义,而龋齿、血糖异常二个指标在两组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从二组不同年级的干预效果来看,小学生血压异常、龋齿、血糖异常三个指标的差异有统计学意义;初中生在血糖异常、肥胖二个指标的差异有统计学意义;高中生血压异常、龋齿二个指标的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论健康促进学校策略干预青少年慢性病危险因素,可以取得很好的效果。提高青少年学生对慢性疾病的认识,强化干预策略,在遏制慢性病低龄化趋势的同时,将会产生巨大的社会经济效益。
Objective To explore the changes of risk factors related to chronic diseases among primary and secondary school students after the implementation of the “Health Promotion School” intervention strategy, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of chronic diseases among adolescents. Methods One school in each city primary school, junior high school and high school was selected as a health promotion school and a 3-year “health promotion school” intervention project was conducted. At the same time, one school in each of primary, middle, Physical examination data were collected to compare the two groups of school-related health indicators, evaluation of intervention strategies for primary and secondary chronic disease risk factors. Results After implementing health promotion school intervention measures, all the four indicators related to chronic diseases showed a significant decrease (P <0.05). From the perspective of gender, the four indicators of the intervention group were lower than the control group girls, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); intervention group boys blood pressure abnormalities and obesity two indicators and the control group difference was not statistically significant, The two indicators of dental caries and abnormal blood glucose in the two groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the three indicators of abnormal blood pressure, dental caries and abnormal blood glucose among primary school students from two different grades of intervention. There were significant differences in the two indicators of abnormal blood glucose and obesity in junior high school students, abnormal blood pressure in high school students , There was significant difference between the two indexes of dental caries (all P <0.05). Conclusion Health Promotion School strategy intervention risk factors for adolescents with chronic diseases, can achieve very good results. Increasing the awareness of young students on chronic diseases and strengthening intervention strategies will have tremendous socio-economic benefits while curbing the trend of younger people with chronic diseases.