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钱塘江河口潮强流急,涌潮汹涌,是典型的强混合型河口,其盐水入侵程度远强于其它潮汐河口。基于Godunov格式的有限体积法建立了涌潮作用下二维高精度盐水入侵数学模型,结合实测潮汐、涌潮和氯度资料分析,研究了涌潮对钱塘江河口盐水入侵的影响。结果表明,涌潮促使盐水入侵加剧,导致时间上和纵向上氯度变率增大,涌潮是形成盐度锋的动力机制。同时,涌潮紊动激烈,促使氯度垂向分布均匀。另外,还对氯度控制方程中扩散系数的取值进行了讨论,认为钱塘江河口扩散系数取102m2/s量级较为合适。
The tidal currents in the Qiantang River Estuary are in a rush and tidal surges. They are typical strong mixed estuaries whose salinities are far more invading than other tidal estuaries. Based on Godunov finite volume method, a mathematic model of two-dimensional high-precision salt water invasion under tidal bore is established. Based on the measured tidal, tidal and chlorinity data, the influence of gully on the salt water intrusion in Qiantang estuary is studied. The results showed that the tide caused the salt water intrusion to intensify, resulting in the temporally and longitudinally increasing of the chlorination variability. The tidal bore was the dynamic mechanism of salinity front formation. At the same time, intense tidal influx, to promote vertical distribution of chlorine evenly. In addition, the value of diffusion coefficient in the chloride control equation is also discussed. It is considered that the diffusion coefficient of Qiantang River estuary should be of the order of 102m2 / s.