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随着年龄的增长,老年人的脏器功能逐渐衰退,免疫功能低下,容易因上呼吸道感染或流感而并发肺炎。尤其是患有慢性支气管炎、肺气肿、贫血、糖尿病、心脏病或肿瘤等疾病的老年人,更容易继发肺炎。肺炎是老年人常见疾病,占老年感染性疾病的54%。肺炎已成为85岁以上老年人常见的住院原因,而老年人肺炎的死亡率可高达50%,尤其是65岁以上的老龄患者。那么,老年人肺炎有哪些特点,又如何有效预防呢?近日,本刊专访了国家呼吸疾病临床医学研究中心常务副主任、北京医院呼吸与危重症医学科主任孙铁英教授。
With age, the elderly organ function gradually decline, immune dysfunction, prone to upper respiratory tract infection or influenza complicated by pneumonia. In particular, older adults with chronic bronchitis, emphysema, anemia, diabetes, heart disease or cancer are more likely to develop pneumonia. Pneumonia is a common disease in the elderly, accounting for 54% of elderly infectious diseases. Pneumonia has become a common cause of hospitalization for the elderly over the age of 85, while pneumonia in the elderly can have as high as 50% mortality, especially in the elderly over the age of 65. So, what are the characteristics of elderly pneumonia, but also how to effectively prevent? Recently, the magazine interviewed the director of the National Institute of Respiratory Diseases Clinical Deputy Director, Beijing Hospital Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Professor Sun Tieying.