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莱姆病是一种蜱媒传播的人兽共患病,在北半球广泛流行。其病原体是伯氏疏螺旋体,具有极为复杂的传播机制和过程。在过去20多年中,科学家们对此进行了广泛而深入的探索。本综述拟对近5年这方面的研究进展,尤其是Fikrig实验室的工作进行总结。内容主要包括:证明伯氏疏螺旋体外膜蛋白OspA是一种粘附素(adhesion) ,对螺旋体在硬蜱中肠(midgut)定居至关重要,并发现硬蜱中肠肠腔表面蛋白TROSPA是OspA的受体;发现蜱唾液腺蛋白Salp15协助伯氏疏螺旋体感染哺乳类动物;发现伯氏疏螺旋体膜蛋白bmpA和bmpB介导螺旋体在关节的定居及关节炎的发生。这些发现有助于我们深入了解莱姆病的传播特征和致病机制。
Lyme disease is a tick-borne zoonosis that is prevalent in the northern hemisphere. Its pathogen is Borrelia burgdorferi, with extremely complex transmission mechanisms and processes. In the past 20 years, scientists conducted extensive and in-depth exploration. This review is intended to summarize the research progress in this area in recent 5 years, especially the work of Fikrig Laboratory. The main contents include: to prove that Borrelia burgdorferi outer membrane protein OspA is an adhesion (adhesion), the spirochetes in hard tick midgut settling is important and found Ixodes intestinal midgut enteric intestinal protein TROSPA is OspA receptor; found salv15 tick salivary glands to help Borrelia burgdorferi infection in mammals; found Borrelia burgdorferi membrane proteins bmpA and bmpB mediated spirochetes in the joint settlement and the occurrence of arthritis. These findings help us to understand in depth the transmission characteristics and pathogenesis of Lyme disease.