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[目的]探讨在赴苏丹维和部队中实施多种疫苗群体性密集接种的不良反应发生情况,为后续维和部队疫苗接种种类和科学安排接种时间间隔提供科学依据。[方法]选择2007年9月至2008年6月赴苏丹执行维和任务运输、医疗分队全体人员,采取跟随维和保障观察、个人报告和每天询问方式,收集维和人员接种后不良反应情况。[结果]有43例接种者(占26.54%)发生不良反应,其中14.20%(23例)为局部反应,11.72%(19例)为全身反应,0.62%(1例)同时出现局部和全身反应。局部反应疼痛一般48h消失,但疼痛伴红肿、硬结消失时间最长7d。全身症状除胃肠道症状最长72h消失,其他大部分48h内消失。对单种疫苗来说,口服OCV反应率最高(4.94%),且全部为胃肠反应。[结论]应急状态下维和部队多种疫苗群体性密集接种是可行的;但接种疫苗的种类有待进一步科学论证。维和人员接种维和任务区高度流行的传染病疫苗是必要的,对降低维和人员传染病的发病率起到关键作用。
[Objective] To explore the adverse reactions of mass vaccination in Sudan peacekeepers and to provide a scientific basis for the follow-up of vaccination types and scientific arrangements of peacekeeping troops. [Methods] From September 2007 to June 2008, Sudanese peacekeeping mission transportation and medical team members were selected to go to Sudan from September 2007 to June 2008 to take follow-up peacekeeping observation, personal report and daily inquiry method to collect the adverse reactions after inoculation of peacekeepers. [Results] 43 patients (26.54%) had adverse reactions, of which 14.20% (23 cases) were local reactions, 11.72% (19 cases) were systemic reactions and 0.62% (1 case) had both local and systemic reactions . Local response to pain disappeared generally 48h, but the pain associated with swelling, induration disappeared the longest 7d. Symptoms in addition to gastrointestinal symptoms up to 72h disappear, the other most within 48h disappear. Oral OCV response rates were highest for a single vaccine (4.94%), and all were gastrointestinal reactions. [Conclusion] It is practicable that population-intensive inoculation of multiple vaccines by peacekeeping troops in emergency state is feasible. However, the type of vaccination remains to be further scientific justification. Vaccination of high-prevalence vaccines for peacekeeping missions by peacekeepers is essential and has a crucial role in reducing the incidence of infectious diseases in peacekeepers.