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我国目前对行政秘密调查缺乏明确法律规制,导致其在执法实践中存在操作无序化、实施常态化等问题。行政秘密调查尽管是一种有效的行政调查手段,但其本质上是对行政相对人私人权益的限缩。为了防止行政权力的滥用,最大化地保障行政相对人的合法权益,应当在明确行政秘密调查法律地位的基础上,从如下三个方面对其进行规制:一是要严格限制行政秘密调查的适用范围,包括案件类型、实施主体、实施对象、实施措施、实施领域等方面;二是要全面规范行政秘密调查的实施程序,包括申请启动程序、审查批准程序等方面;三是要系统健全行政秘密调查的司法救济和监督机制,包括赋予行政相对人请求司法救济的权利、明确法院的司法审查方式和证据采信规则等方面。
At present, there is a lack of clear legal regulation on the investigation of administrative secrets in our country, which leads to the problems of disorderly operation and normalization in law enforcement practice. Administrative secret investigation, though an effective means of administrative investigation, is essentially a reduction of the private rights and interests of the relatives of the administration. In order to prevent abuse of administrative power and maximize the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the administrative counterparts, the administrative secret investigation should be conducted on the basis of clarifying the legal status of the administrative secret investigation, from the following three aspects: First, to strictly limit the application of administrative secret investigation Scope, including the type of case, the implementation of the main object of the implementation of measures, implementation areas; second is to fully regulate the implementation of administrative secret investigation procedures, including the application start-up procedures, review and approval procedures and so on; Third, we must systematically improve the administrative secret The investigation of the judicial relief and supervision mechanisms, including the right of administrative counterparts to request judicial relief, a clear court judicial review methods and evidence collection rules.