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目的研究常春藤皂苷元抗抑郁效果,探讨其药理作用,为研制新型抗抑郁药提供科学的理论依据。方法采用大鼠慢性不可预知温和应激(CUMS)建立外源性抑郁模型以及新生大鼠(8～21 d)注射氯丙咪嗪制备内源性抑郁模型。成功建立抑郁模型后随机分为空白对照组、模型组、西酞普兰5 mg·kg-1、常春藤皂苷元5 mg·kg-1组,连续28 d灌胃给药。给药结束后,分别进行旷场试验、糖水消耗实验、高架十字迷宫以及强迫游泳等实验评价药物的抗抑郁效果。结果在CUMS外源性抑郁模型中,给药两周后,阳性对照药西酞普兰起效效果较常春藤皂苷元快;连续给药4周后,常春藤皂苷元治疗组表现出明显的优势:在旷场实验中,常春藤皂苷元组大鼠的水平跑格数和直立次数与模型组相比有增加的趋势;在糖水消耗实验中,糖水偏爱度显著升高;在十字高架迷宫实验中,其在开臂区滞留时间百分比明显升高;在强迫游泳实验中,常春藤皂苷元大鼠的不动时间显著下降。而在内源性抑郁模型中,也观察到常春藤皂苷元在一定程度上改善抑郁大鼠的行为学表现。结论在两种抑郁模型中初步证实了常春藤皂苷元具有一定的抗抑郁作用,而这种抗抑郁作用是慢性起效的,其抗抑郁机制有待进一步研究。
Objective To study the antidepressant effect of ivy saponins and to explore the pharmacological effects of iv saponins for the purpose of providing a scientific basis for the development of new antidepressants. Methods Exogenous depression model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress in rats (CUMS) and endometrial depression model was induced by injection of clomipramine in neonatal rats (8-21 days). After successful establishment of depression model, they were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, citalopram 5 mg · kg-1, ivy saponin 5 mg · kg-1 group. After the drug was administered, open-field tests, sugar consumption experiments, elevated plus maze, and forced swimming tests were used to evaluate the antidepressant effect of the drug. Results In CUMS exogenous depression model, the positive control citalopram was more effective than ivy saponin after two weeks of administration; iv iv saponin treatment group showed obvious advantages after 4 weeks continuous administration : In the open-field experiment, the number of horizontal grids and upright number of ivy saponin increased compared with that of the model group; in the sugar consumption experiment, the preference of syrup increased significantly; in the cross elevated maze experiment , The percentage of residence time in the open arm zone increased significantly. During the forced swimming test, the immobility time of ivy saponin decreased significantly. In the endogenous depression model, Ivy sapogenin was also observed to improve the behavioral performance of depressed rats to a certain extent. Conclusions Ivy saponin has a certain antidepressant effect in both depressive models, and this antidepressant effect has a chronic onset effect. Its antidepressant mechanism needs further study.