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“不成”是北宋時期新産生的反詰副詞,元代又由反詰副詞演變爲句末語氣詞。關於反詰副詞“不成”的來源和語法化過程,學術界已有不少研究。不過,從研究結果看,僅從句法、語義的角度難以把反詰副詞“不成”的語法化機制和動因完全解釋清楚。此外,“不成”由反詰副詞向句末語氣詞的演變過程和原因也還有待進一步討論。本文要做的工作,是在已有研究的基礎上,從主觀化的角度對反詰副詞“不成”的語法化以及進一步語法化爲語氣詞的動因機制做一些補充研究。本文認爲,句法位置、語義内容、語用環境、主觀化及交互主觀化是反詰副詞“不成”形成並進一步向語氣詞語法化的主要動因。
“Into ” is the new anti-诘 adverb of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty by the 诘 adverbs evolved into the final modal particle. There are a lot of researches on the origin and grammaticalization of anti-vice adverbs “failing ”. However, from the result of the research, it is difficult to fully explain the mechanism and motivation of the grammaticalization of the adverb “fao” by the syntactic and semantic perspectives. In addition, the evolution process and reasons of “failing ” from antonym to adverbial modal particle have yet to be further discussed. The work to be done in this paper is to supplement some of the motivation mechanisms of the grammaticalization of the anti-vice adverbs “failing ” and the further grammaticalization into the modal particles on the basis of the existing research. This paper argues that syntactic position, semantic content, pragmatic environment, subjectivism and interactive subjectivation are the main motivations for the formation of grammatical adverbs “into ” and further grammaticalization.