根据危险度评定原则,对201例50年代开始接触砷的矿工肺癌进行了特征性危险度评定。结果发现,初次下井年龄是砷致矿工肺癌特征性危险度重要因素之一;接砷矿工肺癌潜隐期与初次下井年龄呈负相关(回归系数b=-0.248,t_r=-4.028,P<0.001),未成年(<20岁)开始下井矿工肺癌潜隐期平均为30.1年,中位数为30年,成年后(≥20岁)开始下井矿工肺癌的平均潜隐期为27.2年,其中位数为29年;矿工肺癌发病年龄与初次下井年龄呈正相关(回归系数b=0.749,t_r=11.587,P<0.001),未成年下井者平均发病年龄为46.6岁,中位数为47.0岁,成年后下井者平均发病年龄为56.0岁,中位数为56.0岁;即初次下井年龄越小,其寿命损失越大,未成年下井者寿命损失比成年后下井者寿命损失多约10年。故研究砷致矿工肺癌时,须充分考虑初次下井年龄这一危险因素。结果表明,在立法时应限制接砷的年龄,不满20岁者不应从事接砷的劳动。 According to the principle of risk assessment, 201 cases of miners lung cancer with exposure to arsenic in the 1950s were evaluated for their characteristic risk. The results showed that the initial downhole age was one of the important factors of the characteristic risk of arsenic-induced lung cancer. The latent period of lung cancer was negatively correlated with the initial well-logging time (regression coefficient b = -0.248, t_r = -4.028, P <0.001) ), The average age of underage lung cancer patients (<20 years old) was 30.1 years, and the median was 30 years. The average latent period of lung cancer in adults (≥20 years old) began to go down miners was 27.2 years, of which median The number of lung cancer patients was significantly lower than that of the first drowning population (regression coefficient b = 0.749, t_r = 11.587, P <0.001). The average age of onset of underage drowsiness was 46.6 years, with a median of 47.0 years The average morbidity and mortality of those who went to bed were 56.0 years old and 56.0 years old, respectively. That is, the smaller the age of the first go down, the greater the loss of their life expectancy. Therefore, when studying arsenic miners lung cancer, we must give full consideration to the first down the age of this risk factor. The results show that the legislation should limit the age of arsenic, and those under 20 years of age should not engage in arsenic.