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目的用动式吸入染毒装置检测化学物的吸入毒性。方法以某液体化学物(农药)为受试毒物,经雾化瓶向染毒柜内连续输送受试毒物空气,对大鼠进行吸入染毒,观察柜内毒物和温度、湿度的均衡性及毒物浓度上升时间；用该实验装置,采取一次最大剂量限度法进行4种农药的吸入毒性测定。结果实验数据经F检验,动物呼吸带对角线4位点毒气浓度均值差异无统计学意义(P＞0．05)；0、10 min与其后各时点毒气浓度差异有统计学意义(P＜0．01,P＜0．05),20 min后各时点毒气浓度差异无统计学意义(P＞0．05)；柜内温度、湿度有随染毒时间延长而升高的趋势,但变化在21℃±2℃,50％±3％范围内,其升高幅度未能影响毒物浓度的改变；4种农药的吸入毒性均为低毒,柜内受试物浓度恒定。结论在室温19℃～22℃、毒气流量1．0m~3/h条件下,柜内温度、湿度基本恒定,对毒物浓度无明显影响；柜内毒物浓度上升迅速,20min内即趋于平衡；柜内毒物浓度分布均匀且变化小,2h内基本稳定,能满足液体毒物的吸入毒性检测。
Objective To detect the inhalation toxicity of chemicals by using dynamic inhalation and poisoning device. Methods A liquid chemical (pesticide) was used as the tested poison, and the air of test poison was continuously delivered to the toxin cabinet through the atomized bottle. The rats were inhaled and exposed to poison, and the balance of poison and temperature and humidity in the cabinet was observed. Toxicity concentration rise time; using the experimental device, to take a maximum dose limit method for four kinds of pesticides inhalation toxicity determination. Results There was no significant difference in the mean of gas concentrations at the diagonal of animal respiratory zone between experimental data and F test (P> 0.05). There was a significant difference in the concentrations of poison gas between 0 and 10 min <0.01, P <0.05). After 20 min, there was no significant difference in the concentration of poison gas (P> 0.05). The temperature and humidity in the cabinet increased with the time prolonging, However, the change ranged from 21 ℃ ± 2 ℃ to 50% ± 3%. The increase range of concentration did not affect the change of the concentration of poisons. The inhalation toxicity of the four kinds of pesticides were all low, and the concentration of the test substance in the cabinet was constant. Conclusion Under the condition of room temperature 19 ℃ ~ 22 ℃ and gas flow 1.0m ~ 3 / h, the temperature and humidity in the cabinet are basically constant, and have no significant effect on the poison concentration. The concentration of poison in the cabinet rises rapidly and tends to balance within 20min. The distribution of poison concentration in the cabinet is uniform and little change, basically stable within 2h, which can meet the detection of inhalation toxicity of liquid poisons.