目前多重耐药革兰阴性菌感染不断增多,在常用抗生素疗效不佳,新的有效抗生素研发迟缓的情况下,多黏菌素静脉制剂重新成为治疗革兰阴性耐药菌感染的有效选择。临床上使用多黏菌素的抗菌效果显著,有效降低了死亡率。虽然其毒性反应主要是肾毒性的,但应用时仍需注意观察和监测。文章就这一领域的最新进展作一综述。 At present, multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections are continuously increasing. In the case of poor efficacy of commonly used antibiotics and the slow development of new and effective antibiotics, polymyxin intravenous agents become an effective alternative to treat Gram-negative drug-resistant bacteria. The clinical use of colistin antibacterial effect is significant, effectively reducing the mortality rate. Although its toxic reaction is mainly nephrotoxic, it is still necessary to observe and monitor the application. The article reviews recent developments in this area.