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药物作用的性质和程度取决于体内药物浓度和作用部位的反应性,因此,药物依赖性的产生可能与药物浓度和作用部位反应性的改变有关。目前有关药物依赖性机理的研究,主要从(1)药代动力学的改变和(2)药效动力学的改变二方面进行。本文主要从药代动力学角度介绍有关方面的进展及展望。体内药物浓度与该药的药代动力学,特别和药物的代谢消除密切相关。绝大多数药物,包括依赖性药物,均通过体内药物代谢酶的作用生成具有活性或毒性或无活性的代谢物而改变药物的效应。近年对肝微粒体细胞色素P_(450)酶系进行了广泛深入的研究。P_(450)酶基因工作表
The nature and extent of the drug’s action depends on the concentration of the drug in the body and the reactivity of the site of action. Therefore, drug dependence may be related to changes in drug concentration and site-responsiveness. The current research on the mechanism of drug dependence, mainly from (1) changes in pharmacokinetics and (2) changes in pharmacodynamics. This article mainly from the pharmacokinetic point of view about the progress and prospects. In vivo drug concentration and the pharmacokinetics of the drug, in particular, is closely related to drug metabolism. Most drugs, including dependent drugs, alter the effects of a drug by generating active or toxic or inactive metabolites through the action of in vivo drug metabolizing enzymes. In recent years, liver microsomal cytochrome P_ (450) enzymes have been extensively studied. P_ (450) Enzyme Gene Worksheet