自20世纪90年代以来,GEM探测器以其高电子倍增、高空间分辨和高计数率等优势在粒子物理和辐射成像等领域得到了广泛和深入的研究,具有广阔的应用前景．如果将GEM作为读出探测器应用在时间投影室TPC系统上,和传统的读出方式比较起来,既有许多优点也有许多挑战．目前世界上有许多机构正在研究将此方案用于将来的大型正负电子对撞机ILC．本文论述了这些研究课题的概况,讨论了TPC的各项关键性能指标与GEM探测器的关系及存在的问题． Since the 1990s, GEM detectors have been widely and deeply studied in the fields of particle physics and radiation imaging due to their advantages of high electron multiplication, high spatial resolution and high counting rate, which have broad application prospects. If GEM is used as a readout detector on a TPC system, there are many advantages and many challenges compared with traditional readout methods. At present, many agencies in the world are studying the application of this scheme to the future large-scale positron-electron collider ILC. This article discusses the overview of these research topics and discusses the relationship between TPC key performance indicators and the GEM detector and the existing problems.