自唐代王维开创了中国文人山水画的先河,后世对文人画的探索与发展出现了两次重要的影响。经过魏晋南北朝荆关董巨的发展,唐宋时期达到顶峰。到了南宋由于国力衰微、边境民族侵略,对中原的经济文化造成了巨大的冲击,由于宫廷画家长期把持政权绘画模式的单一与绘画题材的限制,山水画逐渐走向了衰落。蒙古人侵,一些不愿与外民族共处朝堂的“遗民”纷纷归隐山林思想上得到了解放,再加上赵孟叛提倡文人画向前人学习的崇古、创古之风,文人画再次复兴起来。文人画发展到明朝由于宦官专权文人们于是纷纷南下江南,在那里过着悠闲自在的生活,此时苏州便成了绘画创作的中心。这一现象直到董其昌出现之后才有所改观也扯开了清代的画风。在他提出“南北宗论”的同时出现了两条不同的绘画风格路线,一种是以学习古人为主的复古派,另一种是以描绘自然个性极强的野逸派。这两种绘画风格在明清交际的时代已经开始形成并且相互争论之中,而就在这个时期出现了一位对后世特别是对现代影响巨大的画家 Since the Tang Dynasty Wang Wei pioneered the Chinese literati landscape painting, the later exploration and development of literati appeared two important impact. After the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties Jing Guan Dong giant development, reached a peak in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Due to the declining national strength and border national aggression in the Southern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty exerted a tremendous impact on the economy and culture of the Central Plains. As the court painters have long held the restriction of the single and the subject matter of the political painting mode, landscape painting has gradually declined. Some Mongols invaded and some unwilling to coexist with the foreign nationality looked forward to the liberation of their “hermits” in the thoughts of returning to one another in succession. In addition, Zhao Meng rebels advocating literati painting, Literati painting revived again. The development of literati painting to the Ming Dynasty Emperors as a result of the eunuchs have then southward south, where a relaxed and relaxed life, then became the center of painting in Suzhou. This phenomenon did not change until after Dong Qichang appeared and also drew the style of the Qing Dynasty. When he put forward “Northern and Southern Sects”, two different lines of painting style appeared. One was the retro school based on the study of the ancients and the other was the wild-yi school of the great nature. These two painting styles began to form and argue with each other in the era of communication between Ming and Qing dynasties. However, during this period an artist who had a great influence on the later generations, especially the modern ones, appeared