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斯堪的纳维亚典型的大型露天矿,岩石坚硬,气候寒冷,品位低,矿体呈复杂的脉状,劳动工资高。为求生存,这些矿山必须尽力提高矿石产量,尽可能减少废石剥离量和最大限度地提高每个工时的产量。本文以两个实例说明用液压冲击钻机打倾斜炮孔是怎样满足这些要求的。斯堪的纳维亚这两座矿山是芬兰克米拉(Kemira)有限公司的锡林耶维(Siilinjarvi)磷灰石矿和挪威赛德瓦兰格尔(Sydvaranger)公司的比吉夫阿列瓦特(Bjφrnevattn)铁矿,它们均采用直径200mm的倾斜炮孔。锡林耶维露天矿是生产爆破时使用倾斜孔,而比吉夫阿列瓦特铁矿则是用倾斜孔进行露天矿最终边帮的削坡爆破。用倾斜孔代替垂直孔的优点是具有较好开采选别性,改善台阶穿孔条件,加陡露天矿的最终边帮和提高安全性。
The typical large opencast mine in Scandinavia has hard rock, cold climate, low grade, complex vein and high labor wage. In order to survive, these mines must try their best to increase their ore production, minimize the amount of waste stripping and maximize the yield per working hour. In this paper, two examples are given to illustrate how the use of a hydraulic percussion drill to strike inclined bore holes meets these requirements. The two Scandinavian mines are the Siilinjarvi apatite mine in Kemira, Finland, and the Bifiev Aleppo, in Sydvaranger, Norway (Bjørnevattn) iron ore, they are used with a diameter of 200mm inclined bore. The Xilinyewei opencast mine is used to produce inclined holes for blasting, while the Bievev-Aleta iron mine is a slope-cut blasting for the ultimate edge of an open-pit mine with inclined holes. The advantage of using inclined holes instead of vertical holes is that they have better mining selectivities, improved step perforation conditions, plus the ultimate edge of steep open pit mines and increased safety.