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利用化学氧化和高温膨胀将天然鳞片石墨制备成膨胀石墨(EG),采用沉淀聚合制备聚丙烯腈/膨胀石墨(PAN/EG)插层复合物,进行静电纺丝,对PAN/EG插层复合物及其纤维膜的微观结构、力学性能和热性能进行分析表征。结果表明:EG含量增加,纤维膜的拉伸强度和耐热性增加,纤维直径减小,PAN的平均直径550nm;EG含量为0.5%(wt,质量分数,下同)时,纤维平均直径350nm,此时拉伸强度与PAN相比,在未处理、冷压和热处理的情况下分别提高了95.9%,129%和164%。EG为1%时,玻璃化温度提高了17℃,PAN在氮气中的环化反应放热峰值提高了7℃。
The natural flake graphite was prepared as expanded graphite (EG) by chemical oxidation and high temperature expansion. The polyacrylonitrile / expanded graphite (PAN / EG) intercalation composite was prepared by precipitation polymerization. The microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal properties of materials and their fiber membranes were characterized. The results showed that the tensile strength and heat resistance of fiber membrane increased, the diameter of fiber decreased and the average diameter of PAN was 550nm. When the content of EG was 0.5% (wt, mass fraction), the average fiber diameter was 350nm Tensile strength was increased by 95.9%, 129% and 164% respectively in untreated, cold-pressed and heat-treated cases compared to PAN. When EG is 1%, the glass transition temperature is increased by 17 ℃, and the peak value of the cyclization reaction of PAN in nitrogen is increased by 7 ℃.