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介绍了雄性生殖单位概念的建立、精子异型性的确认及其内涵，以及近年来的研究进展。在花粉生物学和精细胞的研究中，应用三维重构和细胞定量分析技术，发现被子植物花粉和花粉管中，互相联系的两个精细胞或生殖细胞与营养核在生殖过程中联系在一起，形成一个配子传递、识别、与雌性靶细胞融合的功能单位，这种雄细胞成员的联合体称谓雄性生殖单位（ＭａｌｅＧｅｒｍＵｎｉｔ）。同时发现姐妹精细胞间在大小、形态以及细胞器含量，甚至细胞核的大小是不同的，由此建立了精子异型性（ＳｐｅｒｍＨｅｔｅｒｏｍｏｒｐｈｉｓｍ）的概念。继后的大量研究以求进一步证实雄性生殖单位存在的普遍性以及进一步确认精子异型性的程度和在选择受精中的意义。近年来又涉足遗传学领域，为探讨细胞质遗传提供结构证据和研究手段。展望未来，通过不断更新研究手段和其它学科的参与，将最终获得离体受精的成功，使选择受精及其配子识别机制等理论问题的研究推进到一个崭新的水平。
The establishment of concept of male reproductive unit, the confirmation and connotation of sperm atypia, and the research progress in recent years are introduced. In the research of pollen biology and sperm cell, the application of three-dimensional reconstruction and quantitative analysis of cell technology found that the two sperm cells or germ cells in the pollen and pollen tube of angiosperm are connected with the nutrient nucleus in the process of reproduction , Forming a functional unit for gamete delivery, recognition, fusion with female target cells, a consortium of male members of this male member called Male Geronit. At the same time, it was found that the size, morphology and organelle content of sperm cells in sisters and even the sizes of nuclei were different, thus establishing the concept of SpermHeteromorphism. Subsequent large-scale studies in order to further confirm the existence of male reproductive units and to further confirm the degree of sperm atypia in the selection and fertilization significance. In recent years, he also involved in the field of genetics, to provide cytoplasmic genetic evidence and research tools. Looking forward to the future, by continuously updating the research methods and the participation of other disciplines, the success of in vitro fertilization will eventually be achieved and the research on theoretical issues such as fertilization and its gamete recognition mechanism will be advanced to a whole new level.