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236U是一种长寿命放射性核素,其半衰期为T1/2=2.342(3)×107a,在自然界的含量极微,天然铀中236U/238U的原子比约为～10-14。目前,对于236U及其测量的研究报道较少。首先介绍了236U的产生,并对地球中236U的总量进行了估算。概述了236U测定在亿年级中子注量率积分评估、核环境和核活动监测,以及地质学等领域中的重要应用。最后,对国内外加速器质谱(AMS)测量236U的状况进行了综述,报道了中国原子能科学研究院AMS小组通过对同位素干扰鉴别的多方面研究,初步建立了236U-AMS测量方法。
236U is a long-lived radionuclide with a half-life of T1 / 2 = 2.342 (3) × 107a. It contains very little in nature. The 236U / 238U atomic ratio of natural uranium is about -10-14. At present, there are few reports on 236U and its measurement. The introduction of 236U was first introduced and the total amount of 236U in the Earth was estimated. The important applications of the 236U measurement in billionth grade neutron fluence rate integration assessment, nuclear environment and nuclear activity monitoring, and geology are outlined. Finally, the situation of 236U measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) both at home and abroad is reviewed. The measurement of 236U-AMS is preliminarily established by AMS team of China Institute of Atomic Energy.