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目前治疗全身性疾病是通过各种途径给药,达到一定的血药浓度,分布于全身而产生治疗作用。这种治疗方法最大的缺陷是缺乏选择性,如某些疾病只局限于某个部位或器官,则到达的药物仅一小部分,大部分的药物未发挥作用。相反某些强力的化学治疗药物,往往在起治疗作用的同时产生毒副作用,严重地影响这些药物的治疗价值。因而多年来医药工作者致力于提高药物的选择性,将有效物质导向靶细胞,而防止与正常细胞作用,企图减少毒性和获得最大的治疗效果。随着科学的不断进步,给药系统的发展已经历4个阶段:第一代的制剂是一般的剂型,如片剂、注射剂、胶囊……等;第
The current treatment of systemic diseases is administered through a variety of ways to achieve a certain blood concentration, distributed throughout the body and have a therapeutic effect. The biggest drawback of this treatment is the lack of selectivity. If certain diseases are confined to a certain part or organ, only a small part of the drug arrives and most of the drugs do not work. On the contrary, some powerful chemotherapeutic drugs often produce toxic and side effects while having a therapeutic effect, and seriously affect the therapeutic value of these drugs. For many years, therefore, medical workers have been devoting themselves to increasing the selectivity of drugs and directing effective substances to target cells, thereby preventing their interaction with normal cells in an attempt to reduce toxicity and achieve maximum therapeutic effect. With the continuous progress of science, the development of drug delivery system has gone through 4 stages: the first generation of preparations are general dosage forms, such as tablets, injections, capsules ... etc .;